Classifikatsion of ointment basis

w Ministry of Health The Tashkent Pharmaceutical institute Executed: J ✓ с и a A . Checked: ^^21££^= . ^ f~ 2 ?zd V t ь г tftf ^bvenf. Tashkent - 2014. CLASSIFICATION OF OINTMENT BASES Ointment bases can be classified according to composition and general characteristics. The ointment base or vehicle may or may not be therapeutically active. It may be used without active ingredients if only protection or emollient properties are desired. Ointment bases fall into one of these classes: oleaginous, absorpti on, emulsion, or water-soluble. a. Oleaginous Ointment Bases. Oleaginous ointment bases include not о nly vegetable oils and animal fats, but also hydrocarbons derived from petroleu m. Because of their nature, oils and fats become rancid and foul smelling on exposure t о the atmosphere and to light. Preservatives and antioxidants are necessary ingr edients in these bases. The hydrocarbon bases may include liquid petrolatum to lowe r viscosity or white wax to raise it. White Ointment, USP is a typical combination of hydrocarbons. (1) Petrolatum (Vaseline). Petrolatum is a tasteless, odorless, yellowish, greasy solid with a melting point between 38 Celsius (C) and 60 C. White petrolatum is decolorized petrolatum. It is used more frequently than yellow petrolatum. Petrolatum is very stable, very compatible with most substances, and emoll ient to the skin. The consistency can easily be varied by the incorporation of mineral о il (liquid petrolatum) or white wax. Petrolatum- type ointment bases are more stable than vegetable- or animal- type bases. ...